5^th World Congress on Physics July 17-18, 2018 Prague, Czech Republic

Biography:

Leonid Ponomarev graduated from Physics Division of Moscow State University in 1963, he has completed his PhD (1966) and Doctor Degree (1971) at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. At present he is the principal expert of A.A.Bochvar Institute, Moscow, professor, member of Russian Academy of Sciences. He is an expert in atomic and nuclear physics, muon catalyzed fusion, the scientific leader of the research program of the fast molten salt reactor development, the author of 200 papers and 4 monographs.

Abstract:

Fast reactor is the nesessary element of of the future nuclear power. But the contemporary fast reactors are not inherently safe (in Weinberg’s definition) and have the serious problems with the fuel nuclear cycle closing: the low fuel element burning and their repited fabrication from the hot spent fuel. Molten salt reactors (MSR) are free from these shortages: their void and temperature coefficients are negative, they do not need in the fuel elements fabrication and give the opportunity to organize on line hot spent fuel reprocessing. First MSR was in operation during almost 5 years with Th-U fuel and thermal neutron spectrum, which is adequete for this fuel (MSRE, Oak Ridge, 1964-1969). However its neutron balance  is poor in comparison with U-Pu fuel and fast neutron spectrum. Till recently there was impossible to combine all three ideas (fast spectrum, molten salt and U-Pu fuel) because the PuF₃ solubility in the fluoride salts was too small. 5 years ago it was established experimentally that PuF₃, UF₄ and AmF₃ solubility in the eutectic 46.5 LiF-11.5 NaF-42.0 KF (FLiNaK) is equal 33, 45 and 43 mole % respectively at 700°C. This observation opens the way for the development of the Fast Molten Salt Reactor with U-Pu fuel cycle (U-Pu FMSR) as well as the effective FMSR reactor-burner of Am. U-Pu FMSR based on FLiNaK can work in the equilibrium mode at the concentration UF₄ and PuF₃ 22 and 7 mole % respectively using as a fuel ²³⁸U only. FMSR reactor-burner can transmute ~ 300 kg Am/year·MWth without Pu feeding, i.e.    one 1GWth FMSR-burner can disintegrate Am from the spent fuel of ~ 40 standart 1GWel thermal reactors after 5 years of cooling.

Biography:

Loris Ferrari graduated in Physics at the University of Bologna in 1973, summa cum laude. He got the “Enrico Fermi” award for the best thesis in Physics in 1974. He became associate professor in Condensed Matter Physics in 1981. He worked on the theory of disordered systems and glasses, cooperating, in particular, with sir N.F. Mott (Nobel Prize for Phyisics in 1977), W.A. Phillips (Cambridge University, UK) S.A. Dembovsky (Russian Academy of Science), M.I. Klinger (Bar-Ilan University, Israel). He worked on non autonomous quantum sysyems, in cooperation with R. Lewis (Dartmouth College, USA). He is author of 85 publications on international reviews of physics and physical chemistry.

Abstract:

In a gas of N interacting bosons, the Hamiltonian Hc, obtained by dropping all the interaction terms between free bosons with moment hK≠0, is  diagonalized exactly. The resulting eigenstates |S, k, n) depends on two discrete indices S, n= 0,1,… where È  numerates the quasiphonons carrying a moment hK, responsible for transport or dissipation processes. S, in turn, numerates a ladder of’vacua’| S,k, 0), with increasing equispaced energies, formed by boson pairs with opposite moment.Passing from one vacuum to another (S -> S + 1), results from creation / annihilation of new momentless collective excitations, that we call vacuons. Exact quasiphonons originate from one of the vacua by “creating”an asymmetry in the number of opposite moment bosons. The well known Bogoliubov collective excitations (CEs) are shown to coincide with the exact eigenstates |0,k, È  } ,i.e. with the quasiphonons (QPs) created from the lowest-level vacuum (S=0). All this is discussed, in view of existing or future experimental observations of the vacuons, a sort of bosonic Cooper pairs, which are the main factor of novelty beyond Bogoliubov theory

Biography:

Professor Vladimir V. Rumyantsev is Head of Department of Theory of Complex Systems Dynamic Properties at A.A. Galkin Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering (DonIPE). He is Professor of Theoretical Physics and Nanotechnology Department at Donetsk National University (DonNU). He received PhD in Theoretical Physics (1988) from DonNU and Dr. Sci. in Condensed Matter Physics (2007) from DonIPE. Prof. Rumyantsev has authored/co-authored 4 books, 2 chapters in books and more than 240 scientific publications. He is a member of the American Physical Society (USA) as well as Mediterranean Institute of Fundamental Physics (MIFP, Italy).

Abstract:

Photonic structures and metamaterials are in the focus of theoretical and experimental interdisciplinary studies, which span laser physics, condensed matter physics, nanotechnology, and information science. The important features of photonic band-gap structures under discussion are connected with ‘slow’ light, which is one of the promising fundamental physical phenomena that can be, explored in the design of various quantum optical storage devices.  In particular, the effective reduction of the group velocity demonstrated in the associated optical waveguide resonators. Based on the representations of the ideal photonic structures, the non-ideal systems of this class - polaritonic crystal, which is a set of spatially ordered microcavities containing ultracold atomic clusters, is studied. We considered 1D and 2D polaritonic crystals as a topologically ordered systems of coupled microcavities containing quantum dots. The peculiarities of polariton spectrum in the 1D or 2D lattice of microcavities caused by the structural defects and uniform elastic deformation are considered. It is shown that in this case it is possible to achieve the necessary changes of the energy structures and optical properties caused by the restructuring of the polariton spectrum. Numerical modeling of dependence of the dispersion of polaritons in the studied lattices of coupled microresonators on an elastic deformation and the concentration of defects is completed. Using the virtual crystal approximation the analytical expressions for polaritonic frequencies, effective mass and group velocities, as a function of components of the strain tensor is obtained. These results enable to extend the possibility of creating a new class of functional materials - polaritonic crystal systems.

Biography:

Zhongyuan Yu is currently the professor of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. She dedicates to theoretical and experimental research work in the field of optical communications and optoelectronics. She has won the first prize for scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Electronics Industry and the third prize for science and technology of China Institute of Communications. She has published more than 130 papers and has been serving as an editorial board member of Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.

Abstract:

The optical diode, in which light asymmetrically propagates, has attracted great interest recently for its potential applications in integrated optical circuits. An optical diode can be built by either non-reciprocal or reciprocal structures. Typically, the non-reciprocal optical diode utilizes magneto-optical effect or optical nonlinearity. However, the external conditions and high input power limit the on-chip applications. Unlike non-reciprocal optical diodes, the reciprocity of the Lorentz theorem holds in a reciprocal optical diode. Here, we present three reciprocal optical diode designs based on both forward even-to-odd mode conversion and backward blockade of even mode. The functional region of first design consists of a tapered coupler, a narrow waveguide, and a silver surface plasmonic splitter. In order to obtain ±π phase shift, the refractive index of one of branches has been also modified. Secondly, the functional region comprises a tapered coupler, a narrow waveguide, a triangular prism and a partial depth etched cuboid. The mechanism is combining interference principle and the partial depth etching method. At last, we also design a reciprocal optical diode based on asymmetric spatial mode conversion by totally depth etching irregular shapes obtained by topological optimization. Unlike the other reported works, we do not expand the width of the slab silicon waveguide in the function region. These devices possess some satisfactory performances like high contrast ratio, large operational bandwidth and small footprint. 

Biography:

Gilles Courret has completed his PhD at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) in 1999. Since 2013 he is Professor of physics in the Department of Industrial Technologies of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO). His research interests include microwave-plasma interaction, plasma chemistry, light sources and illumination engineering, with emphasis on the improvement of energy efficiency. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

In a project on the development of a pulsed microwave sulfur lamp prototype of 1 kW, we discovered a phenomenon in which the plasma forms a ball at the center of the electrodeless spherical bulb despite gravity. In a preceding publication, we then reported measurements performed with a photodiode that show the high pressure plasma response to short pulses, and showed by modelization that the ball formation results from an acoustic resonance in a spherical mode. With our setup, so using a bulb with 15.6 cm³ volume, this phenomenon appears mostly at a pulse repetition frequency a little below 30 kHz. In this paper, we present complementary results obtained with a second photodiode placed opposite to the first, targeting the side of the ball where the high-power pulse microwaves impinge on the plasma. The second signal is similar to the preceding in the main characteristics: when the resonance occurs, its modulation passes from quasi-triangular to sinusoidal form with a frequency decrease of a few percent, as the oscillation slows down a little below the pulse repetition frequency. The resulting beat also shows up at a frequency equal to the frequency shift. However, the second signal shows an additional rectangular modulation that matches the pulses. The present work focuses on this new revelation and its interpretation.

Biography:

She has completed her PhD from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) at the age of 29 years and then she worked at the Italian Agency for Energy Environment and New Technologies (ENEA), CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) in France (Saclay), the Kurchatov institute (Moscow), the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (IPP, Garching), Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) and CEA in France (Cadarache). Last four years, she works at MEPhI. She has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals. 

Abstract:

Tungsten and dense nano-structured tungsten (W) coatings are used as plasma-facing materials in current tokamaks and [A1]suggested to be used also for the future fusion devices, ITER and DEMO. In the fusion reactor, W will be exposed to energetic particles of hydrogen isotopes and helium (He), high heat flux, and neutrons. In this regard, a study of accumulation of deuterium (D) and He in W under normal operation conditions and transit events is necessary for assessment of safety of fusion reactor due to the radioactivity of tritium and material performance and for the plasma fuel balance. Therefore, W samples were exposed to low-temperature plasma to simulate normal operation regimes and pulsed heat loads using D plasma in quasi-stationary high-current plasma gun QSPA-T to simulate transit events. We found that D and He concentrations increase with decreasing the grain size. The D retention was the highest for samples irradiated by plasma gun above the melting threshold. The D retention after 10 pulses of plasma gun exposure was much higher than that after stationary low-energy plasma exposure at sample temperature of either 600 or 700 K indicating the dominate influence of ELM’s-like events on the D retention compared to normal operation regime. The D retention in W samples with the presence of He-induced W ‘fuzz’ was smaller than without that. The results obtained give possibility to assess the particle retention in divertor areas subjected to high thermal loads at different operation regimes. 

Biography:

Abstract:

In a project on the development of a pulsed microwave sulfur lamp prototype of 1 kW, we discovered a phenomenon in which the plasma forms a ball at the center of the electrodeless spherical bulb despite gravity. In a preceding publication, we then reported measurements performed with a photodiode that show the high pressure plasma response to short pulses, and showed by modelization that the ball formation results from an acoustic resonance in a spherical mode. With our setup, so using a bulb with 15.6 cm³ volume, this phenomenon appears mostly at a pulse repetition frequency a little below 30 kHz. In this paper, we present complementary results obtained with a second photodiode placed opposite to the first, targeting the side of the ball where the high-power pulse microwaves impinge on the plasma. The second signal is similar to the preceding in the main characteristics: when the resonance occurs, its modulation passes from quasi-triangular to sinusoidal form with a frequency decrease of a few percent, as the oscillation slows down a little below the pulse repetition frequency. The resulting beat also shows up at a frequency equal to the frequency shift. However, the second signal shows an additional rectangular modulation that matches the pulses. The present work focuses on this new revelation and its interpretation.

Biography:

Leonid Ponomarev graduated from Physics Division of Moscow State University in 1963, he has completed his PhD (1966) and Doctor Degree (1971) at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. At present he is the principal expert of A.A.Bochvar Institute, Moscow, professor, member of Russian Academy of Sciences. He is an expert in atomic and nuclear physics, muon catalyzed fusion, the scientific leader of the research program of the fast molten salt reactor development, the author of 200 papers and 4 monographs.

Abstract:

Fast reactor is the nesessary element of of the future nuclear power. But the contemporary fast reactors are not inherently safe (in Weinberg’s definition) and have the serious problems with the fuel nuclear cycle closing: the low fuel element burning and their repited fabrication from the hot spent fuel. Molten salt reactors (MSR) are free from these shortages: their void and temperature coefficients are negative, they do not need in the fuel elements fabrication and give the opportunity to organize on line hot spent fuel reprocessing. First MSR was in operation during almost 5 years with Th-U fuel and thermal neutron spectrum, which is adequete for this fuel (MSRE, Oak Ridge, 1964-1969). However its neutron balance  is poor in comparison with U-Pu fuel and fast neutron spectrum. Till recently there was impossible to combine all three ideas (fast spectrum, molten salt and U-Pu fuel) because the PuF₃ solubility in the fluoride salts was too small. 5 years ago it was established experimentally that PuF₃, UF₄ and AmF₃ solubility in the eutectic 46.5 LiF-11.5 NaF-42.0 KF (FLiNaK) is equal 33, 45 and 43 mole % respectively at 700°C. This observation opens the way for the development of the Fast Molten Salt Reactor with U-Pu fuel cycle (U-Pu FMSR) as well as the effective FMSR reactor-burner of Am. U-Pu FMSR based on FLiNaK can work in the equilibrium mode at the concentration UF₄ and PuF₃ 22 and 7 mole % respectively using as a fuel ²³⁸U only. FMSR reactor-burner can transmute ~ 300 kg Am/year·MWth without Pu feeding, i.e.    one 1GWth FMSR-burner can disintegrate Am from the spent fuel of ~ 40 standart 1GWel thermal reactors after 5 years of cooling.

Biography:

Loris Ferrari graduated in Physics at the University of Bologna in 1973, summa cum laude. He got the “Enrico Fermi” award for the best thesis in Physics in 1974. He became associate professor in Condensed Matter Physics in 1981. He worked on the theory of disordered systems and glasses, cooperating, in particular, with sir N.F. Mott (Nobel Prize for Phyisics in 1977), W.A. Phillips (Cambridge University, UK) S.A. Dembovsky (Russian Academy of Science), M.I. Klinger (Bar-Ilan University, Israel). He worked on non autonomous quantum sysyems, in cooperation with R. Lewis (Dartmouth College, USA). He is author of 85 publications on international reviews of physics and physical chemistry.

Abstract:

In a gas of N interacting bosons, the Hamiltonian Hc, obtained by dropping all the interaction terms between free bosons with moment hK≠0, is  diagonalized exactly. The resulting eigenstates |S, k, n) depends on two discrete indices S, n= 0,1,… where È  numerates the quasiphonons carrying a moment hK, responsible for transport or dissipation processes. S, in turn, numerates a ladder of’vacua’| S,k, 0), with increasing equispaced energies, formed by boson pairs with opposite moment.Passing from one vacuum to another (S -> S + 1), results from creation / annihilation of new momentless collective excitations, that we call vacuons. Exact quasiphonons originate from one of the vacua by “creating”an asymmetry in the number of opposite moment bosons. The well known Bogoliubov collective excitations (CEs) are shown to coincide with the exact eigenstates |0,k, È  } ,i.e. with the quasiphonons (QPs) created from the lowest-level vacuum (S=0). All this is discussed, in view of existing or future experimental observations of the vacuons, a sort of bosonic Cooper pairs, which are the main factor of novelty beyond Bogoliubov theory

Biography:

Gilles Courret has completed his PhD at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) in 1999. Since 2013 he is Professor of physics in the Department of Industrial Technologies of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO). His research interests include microwave-plasma interaction, plasma chemistry, light sources and illumination engineering, with emphasis on the improvement of energy efficiency. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

In a project on the development of a pulsed microwave sulfur lamp prototype of 1 kW, we discovered a phenomenon in which the plasma forms a ball at the center of the electrodeless spherical bulb despite gravity. In a preceding publication, we then reported measurements performed with a photodiode that show the high pressure plasma response to short pulses, and showed by modelization that the ball formation results from an acoustic resonance in a spherical mode. With our setup, so using a bulb with 15.6 cm³ volume, this phenomenon appears mostly at a pulse repetition frequency a little below 30 kHz. In this paper, we present complementary results obtained with a second photodiode placed opposite to the first, targeting the side of the ball where the high-power pulse microwaves impinge on the plasma. The second signal is similar to the preceding in the main characteristics: when the resonance occurs, its modulation passes from quasi-triangular to sinusoidal form with a frequency decrease of a few percent, as the oscillation slows down a little below the pulse repetition frequency. The resulting beat also shows up at a frequency equal to the frequency shift. However, the second signal shows an additional rectangular modulation that matches the pulses. The present work focuses on this new revelation and its interpretation.

Biography:

Zhongyuan Yu is currently the professor of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. She dedicates to theoretical and experimental research work in the field of optical communications and optoelectronics. She has won the first prize for scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Electronics Industry and the third prize for science and technology of China Institute of Communications. She has published more than 130 papers and has been serving as an editorial board member of Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.

Abstract:

The optical diode, in which light asymmetrically propagates, has attracted great interest recently for its potential applications in integrated optical circuits. An optical diode can be built by either non-reciprocal or reciprocal structures. Typically, the non-reciprocal optical diode utilizes magneto-optical effect or optical nonlinearity. However, the external conditions and high input power limit the on-chip applications. Unlike non-reciprocal optical diodes, the reciprocity of the Lorentz theorem holds in a reciprocal optical diode. Here, we present three reciprocal optical diode designs based on both forward even-to-odd mode conversion and backward blockade of even mode. The functional region of first design consists of a tapered coupler, a narrow waveguide, and a silver surface plasmonic splitter. In order to obtain ±π phase shift, the refractive index of one of branches has been also modified. Secondly, the functional region comprises a tapered coupler, a narrow waveguide, a triangular prism and a partial depth etched cuboid. The mechanism is combining interference principle and the partial depth etching method. At last, we also design a reciprocal optical diode based on asymmetric spatial mode conversion by totally depth etching irregular shapes obtained by topological optimization. Unlike the other reported works, we do not expand the width of the slab silicon waveguide in the function region. These devices possess some satisfactory performances like high contrast ratio, large operational bandwidth and small footprint. 

Biography:

Debjyoti Biswadev Sengupta is a young scientific researcher based in Mumbai, India.  He has a research career spanning only a year or two. He has research interests in Quantum Physics, Gravitational Physics, High Energy Particle Physics, Computational Mathematics, Cryptography, Applied Mathematics to name a few from his long list. He is involved in the quest for the Theory of Everything and has also published research papers challenging the Third Law of Motion stated by Sir Isaac Newton. He has also published a paper where he elaborates on the concept of solving high-coefficient quadratic equations with the help of basic calculus. His most recent work involves a publication in which he elaborates on the idea of plotting vector quantities in physics in the 3-D space and 4-D hyperspace through which he hypothesizes that the 12th dimension is that of solid angle. He is now involved in research in the acceleration of photons and study of properties of the Cherenkov radiation.

Abstract:

It is thought that there are various contact forces and three non-contact forces which exist in the universe, namely the electrostatic force, the magnetic force, and the force of gravitation. As per this theory, it is considered that the force of gravitation is the most mysterious of all the non-contact forces. There are few things which neither the Newtonian concept of physics, nor the modern concept of physics has been able to explain, as far the force of gravitation is concerned. The author hypothesizes that these unanswered queries may be answered if we explain the non-contact forces in terms of their conventional direction/nature of the forces. Hence, the idea of unidirectional and multidirectional forces is perceived.

 The paper shall be dealt under 4 headings. Heading II will introduce the concept of a unidirectional and its characteristics. Heading III will deal with the introduction and characteristics of multidirectional forces. Heading IV shall deal with the categorization of the various forces which exists under Table I and Heading V shall deal with the explanation of the concept of multidirectional forces reasons of considering the force of gravitation as a multidirectional force. Heading VI shall deal with mathematical proof of noncontact forces violating Newton’s Third Law of Motion. Heading VII will see the founding of new set of laws which are obeyed by multidirectional forces only. Heading VIII will deal with the applications and conclusion of the theory.

The author shall also discuss about his experimental proof, design of the experimental apparatus and the resulting chemical bonding theory from this new concept of perceiving non-contact forces. The author will also discuss about the nature of gravitational force and the reasons for its nature.

Biography:

Takahiro Tannai has completed his Ph.D. from The University of Tokyo and now is a researcher  there. His research backgrounds are physics and mathematics from broad area and current interests are interdisciplinary approaches to networks of transport phenomena in chemistry and biology and similar phenomena in our society. 

Abstract:

Biography:

Yumin Liu is currently the professor of State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. He dedicates to theoretical and experimental research work in the field of optical metamaterials and applications in sensing, solar energy, and optical communication devices. More than 50 journal papers have been published as an author or coauthor.

Abstract:

Increasing the absorption efficiency of solar radiation has great significance for the renewable energy applications, such as residential water heating, seawater desalination, wastewater treatment and solar thermophotovoltaic devices. Optical absorbers based on metamaterials have been widely investigated using a variety of structural designs. We propose and numerically investigate a novel ultrabroadband solar absorber by applying iron in a 2D simple metamaterial structure. The proposed structure can achieve the perfect absorption above 95% covering the wavelength range from 400 to 1500 nm. The average absorption reaches 97.8% over this wavelength range. The broadband perfect absorption is caused by the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance and propagating surface plasmon resonance. We first propose and demonstrate that the iron is obviously beneficial to achieve impedance matching between the metamaterial structure and the free space over an ultra-broad frequency band in the visible and nearinfrared region, which play an extremely important role to generate an ultra-broadband perfect absorption. In order to further broaden the absorption band, we also demonstrate the perfect absorption exceeding 92% for the 400–2000 nm range by adding the number of metal-dielectric pairs and using both gold and iron simultaneously in the proposed structure. The average absorption of the improved absorber reaches 96.4% over the range of 400–2000 nm.

Biography:

Abstract:

The monolayer of two-dimensional (2D) materials have the thickness of one to several atoms. They have reached the structural limit. The representatives are graphene, MoS₂, Phosphorene, B₂Se₃, WTe₂, ZrTe₅, and SnS. They exhibit different physical properties such as Dirac fermions, spin-valley-locking, ultrahigh mobility, non-trivial topological order, Weyl fermions and strong ferroelectricity compared to bulk materials. We study the physical properties of heterostructures based on 2D materials constructed by either van der Waals or in-plane routes. (i) The giant Stark effect is observed in phosphorene/carbon nanotube heterostructures, and the band gap of the semiconducting heterostructures can vary several-fold in response to external electric field (E_ext). Furthermore, strong ferromagnetism with Curie temperature above room temperature is predicted for intercalated heterostructures. (ii) Due to the strong spin-orbit-coupling, giant magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy with an easy out-of-plane magnetization is realized in the lateral phosphorene/WSe₂ heterostructures. The heterostructures can be either half-metallic or metallic dependent on the edges and sizes. (iii) The electronic properties of phosphorene/graphene heterostructure can be highly tunable by the quantum size effects and the E_ext. At strong E_ext , Dirac Fermions can be developed with Fermi velocities around one order smaller than that of graphene. Undoped and hydrogen doped configurations demonstrate three drastically different electronic phases, which reveal the strongly tunable potential of this type of heterostructure. Graphene is a naturally better electrode for phosphorene. The transport properties of two-probe devices of graphene/phosphorene/graphene exhibit tunnelling transport characteristics.

Biography:

Abstract:

The problem of the nonlinear quantum mechanics, it contains the follow problems: 1.the establishment of quantum mechanics and its fundamental postulates, 2.quantum mechanics is a linear and wave theory, it cannot describe the real properties of microscopic particles,3.The results obtained from quantum mechanics are contradict with experimental values, 4. The difficulties and contradictions of quantum mechanics cannot be eliminated in itself framework, 5. Disputations for the difficulties and contradictions of quantum mechanics in physic, 6. The roots of the difficulties of quantum mechanics and their shortcomings,7. The direction of development of quantum mechanic, 8.The nonlinear quantum  mechanics eliminates  thoroughly the difficulties and contradictions of quantum mechanics and give the  wave-corpuscle duality of microscopic parties and 9.the establishment of nonlinear quantum is a necessary result of development of quantum mechanics and its basic contents. From these investigations we abstained the following conclusions. (1). The quantum mechanics is a linear and wave theory, it cannot be used to described correctly the real proprieties of microscopic particles. (2). The wave feature of microscopic particles is produced by the dispersing effect of the kinetic term in the dynamic equation or in the Hamilton operator in quantum mechanics. (3).We can affirm that the difficulties and contradictions of quantum mechanics are widely existed in quantum mechanics and cannot be eliminated in quantum mechanical framework no matter how. (4) we confirmed also that the difficulties and contradiction of quantum mechanics can eliminated thoroughly by using the nonlinear quantum mechanics, the  the nonlinear quantum mechanics is a necessary result of development of quantum mechanics, the nonlinear theory of quantum mechanics can be used widely in physics.

Biography:

Professor Vladimir V. Rumyantsev is Head of Department of Theory of Complex Systems Dynamic Properties at A.A. Galkin Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering (DonIPE). He is Professor of Theoretical Physics and Nanotechnology Department at Donetsk National University (DonNU). He received PhD in Theoretical Physics (1988) from DonNU and Dr. Sci. in Condensed Matter Physics (2007) from DonIPE. Prof. Rumyantsev has authored/co-authored 4 books, 2 chapters in books and more than 240 scientific publications. He is a member of the American Physical Society (USA) as well as Mediterranean Institute of Fundamental Physics (MIFP, Italy).

Abstract:

Photonic structures and metamaterials are in the focus of theoretical and experimental interdisciplinary studies, which span laser physics, condensed matter physics, nanotechnology, and information science. The important features of photonic band-gap structures under discussion are connected with ‘slow’ light, which is one of the promising fundamental physical phenomena that can be, explored in the design of various quantum optical storage devices.  In particular, the effective reduction of the group velocity demonstrated in the associated optical waveguide resonators. Based on the representations of the ideal photonic structures, the non-ideal systems of this class - polaritonic crystal, which is a set of spatially ordered microcavities containing ultracold atomic clusters, is studied. We considered 1D and 2D polaritonic crystals as a topologically ordered systems of coupled microcavities containing quantum dots. The peculiarities of polariton spectrum in the 1D or 2D lattice of microcavities caused by the structural defects and uniform elastic deformation are considered. It is shown that in this case it is possible to achieve the necessary changes of the energy structures and optical properties caused by the restructuring of the polariton spectrum. Numerical modeling of dependence of the dispersion of polaritons in the studied lattices of coupled microresonators on an elastic deformation and the concentration of defects is completed. Using the virtual crystal approximation the analytical expressions for polaritonic frequencies, effective mass and group velocities, as a function of components of the strain tensor is obtained. These results enable to extend the possibility of creating a new class of functional materials - polaritonic crystal systems.

Biography:

She has completed her PhD from Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) at the age of 29 years and then she worked at the Italian Agency for Energy Environment and New Technologies (ENEA), CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique) in France (Saclay), the Kurchatov institute (Moscow), the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (IPP, Garching), Forschungszentrum Juelich (FZJ) and CEA in France (Cadarache). Last four years, she works at MEPhI. She has published more than 80 papers in reputed journals. 

Abstract:

Tungsten and dense nano-structured tungsten (W) coatings are used as plasma-facing materials in current tokamaks and [A1]suggested to be used also for the future fusion devices, ITER and DEMO. In the fusion reactor, W will be exposed to energetic particles of hydrogen isotopes and helium (He), high heat flux, and neutrons. In this regard, a study of accumulation of deuterium (D) and He in W under normal operation conditions and transit events is necessary for assessment of safety of fusion reactor due to the radioactivity of tritium and material performance and for the plasma fuel balance. Therefore, W samples were exposed to low-temperature plasma to simulate normal operation regimes and pulsed heat loads using D plasma in quasi-stationary high-current plasma gun QSPA-T to simulate transit events. We found that D and He concentrations increase with decreasing the grain size. The D retention was the highest for samples irradiated by plasma gun above the melting threshold. The D retention after 10 pulses of plasma gun exposure was much higher than that after stationary low-energy plasma exposure at sample temperature of either 600 or 700 K indicating the dominate influence of ELM’s-like events on the D retention compared to normal operation regime. The D retention in W samples with the presence of He-induced W ‘fuzz’ was smaller than without that. The results obtained give possibility to assess the particle retention in divertor areas subjected to high thermal loads at different operation regimes. 

Biography:

Abstract:

In a project on the development of a pulsed microwave sulfur lamp prototype of 1 kW, we discovered a phenomenon in which the plasma forms a ball at the center of the electrodeless spherical bulb despite gravity. In a preceding publication, we then reported measurements performed with a photodiode that show the high pressure plasma response to short pulses, and showed by modelization that the ball formation results from an acoustic resonance in a spherical mode. With our setup, so using a bulb with 15.6 cm³ volume, this phenomenon appears mostly at a pulse repetition frequency a little below 30 kHz. In this paper, we present complementary results obtained with a second photodiode placed opposite to the first, targeting the side of the ball where the high-power pulse microwaves impinge on the plasma. The second signal is similar to the preceding in the main characteristics: when the resonance occurs, its modulation passes from quasi-triangular to sinusoidal form with a frequency decrease of a few percent, as the oscillation slows down a little below the pulse repetition frequency. The resulting beat also shows up at a frequency equal to the frequency shift. However, the second signal shows an additional rectangular modulation that matches the pulses. The present work focuses on this new revelation and its interpretation.

Biography:

György Stabó is the leader of the Complex System group in his institute and teaches evolutionary game theory at several universities in Budapest. He has been studying evolutionary games for twenty years. Previously his activity had been focused on interesting problems in solid state theory and statistical physics. In addition to a book and two reviews he has published more than 110 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as referee for  many journals

Abstract:

In evolutionary games players are located on the sites of a network and the interactions among the connected players are described by matrix games when the players choose one of their n options by following a dynamical rule. These players can represent atoms in physical systems, species in ecological models, or different behaviors in human societies. The systematic analysis of  the matrix games threw light on the decomposition of matrices into four classes of elementary interactions.  The symmetric part of elementary games with self- and cross-dependent payoffs represents interactions resembling an external effect without real player-player interactions, while the antisymmetric part is responsible for the emergence of social dilemmas causing serious troubles in human societies and biological systems. The effects of coordinations between the possible strategy pairs are similar to those studied by differents versions of the Ising, Potts, and  Ashkin-Teller models. The tools and results of statistical physics can be adopted for the investigation of potential games which are composed of the latter three elementary interactions and evolve into the Boltzmann distribution if a logit rule controls the evolution. The fourth type of interactions represents cyclic dominance and can be built up from rock-paper-scissors type elementary games.  The presence of cyclic components prevents thermodynamical behavior and results in self-organizing strategy distributions characteristic to living systems.

Biography:

Zhaojun Lin received the Ph.D. degree from the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, in 1997. From 1999 to 2003, he was with McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, Northwestern University Evanston, IL, USA, and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, where he was involved in III–V semiconductor devices. He is currently a Professor with the School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan, China. His current research interests include GaN electronic devices and low dimensional materials and devices.

Abstract:

Due to inverse piezoelectric effect and device processing, the uneven strain distribution of the barrier layer for GaN-based heterostructure field-effect transistors (GaN-based HFETs.)is unavoidable. A new scattering mechanism, the polarization Coulomb field scattering which is related to the uneven strain distribution of the barrier layer, is proposed. This talk introduces the theoretical model of the polarization Coulomb field scattering and the relationship between the polarization Coulomb field scattering and the device structures of GaN-based HFETs. Moreover, the influence of the polarization Coulomb field scattering on the characteristics of GaN-based HFETs are also discussed. Such as, the effect of the polarization Coulomb field scattering on parasitic source access resistance and extrinsic transconductance in AlGaN/GaN HFETs, it is found that the variation of the parasitic source access resistance originates from the polarization Coulomb field scattering, and the effect of the polarization Coulomb field scattering on the parasitic source access resistance is more significant for the device with a longer gate length or a shorter gate-source distance. The behaviors of the measured transconductance for the fabricated AlGaN/GaN HFETs confirm the effect of polarization Coulomb field scattering. In addition, the effects of the polarization Coulomb field scattering on device linearity in AlGaN/GaN HFETs is also found. The single-tone power of the AlGaN/GaN HFETs with different gate widths was measured. A distinct improvement in device linearity was observed in the sample with a larger gate width. The analysis of the variation of the parasitic source access resistance showed that, as the gate bias is increased, the polarization Coulomb field scattering can offset the increased polar optical phonon scattering and improve the device linearity.

Biography:

Abstract:

The main problem is that using X-rays, we have determined the crystal lattices of different materials, and why they are so, and not others are not yet known. For example, copper crystallizes in the fcc lattice, and iron in the bcc, which becomes fcc on heating, this is used for heat treatment of steels. Copper does not change the crystal lattice when heated. There are many factors affecting the crystallization in the literature, so they decided to remove them as much as possible, and the metal model in the article, say so, is ideal, i.e. all atoms are the same (pure metal) without inclusions, without implants, without defects, etc. using the Hall effect and other data on properties, as well as the calculations of Ashcroft and Mermin, my main determining factor for the type of lattice was the core of the atom or ion, which resulted from the transfer of some electrons to the conduction band. It turned out that the metal bond is due not only to the socialization of electrons, but also to external electrons of atomic cores, which determine the direction or type of the crystal lattice. The change in the type of metal lattice can be connected with the transition of an electron to the conduction band or its return from this zone. Phase transition. It is shown that in the general case, the metal bond in the closest packages (hec and fcc) between the centrally chosen atom and its neighbors is presumably carried out by means of nine (9) directional bonds, in contrast to the number of neighbors equal to 12 (twelve) (coordination number). Probably the "alien" 3 (three) atoms are present in the coordination number 12 stereometrically, and not because of the connection. 

Biography:

Abstract:

Our universe with five percent matter and remaining dark energy and dark matter is a profound realization of modern astronomy throwing modern physics in big crisis with a number of questions. Are we comfortable with relativity and gravity theory of Einstein? How gravity mechanism can be explained? Can we say that dark energy is having direct link with gravity mechanism? Do we have to revise atomic model without strong force?  Then can we prove that all remaining three forces are electromagnetic due to mono magnetic coupling in dark energy gravitons?  How all the molecular couplings are same to cause equal fall of Galileo or equal number of molecules from Avogadro.  Is equivalence principle is local phenomena or universal? Chemistry may not be possible in many parts of our universe due to non applicability of Avogadro law.  Any correction required in number of quarks due to revision in standard model without strong force? All these issues can be taken up by LHC for further exploration and I tried to give some proposals in my essay in describing how our universe can be viewed from big bounce to present day and some analysis of modern idea of Dr.Guth’s exponential  inflation  at the time of big bounce as well as  interpretation of BICEP2 

Biography:

M.J.Faraji has completed his MA at the age of 28 years from Kerman University and started as a theoretical physics researcher in Saleh Research Centre.

Abstract:

Superstring Theory is an attempt to explain all the particles and fundamental forces of nature in a single theory, by modeling them, as vibrations of tiny supersymmetric strings .  If we assume that the smallest massive particle which constructs the whole universe is such tiny supersymmetric or consists of several tiny supersymmetric, it can be seen that electron, proton, neutron, etc. as basic subatomic particles are also composed of these particles.

     Now assume that electrons, protons and neutrons are consists of these smallest massive particles. Surely the difference between the constructions of them is described with the numbers and positioning of these smallest massive particles that we named “Angel Particle”. Physicists consider a continuous texture for proton but we calculate and show that it is not possible for electrons or neutrons.

Biography:

Dr. Sekh  has completed his PhD at the age of 31 years from Visva-Bharati University, India  and postdoctoral studies from University of Salerno, Italy, Institute of Physics Belgrade, Serbia and INFN, Italy. He is an Assistant Profesor of Physics of B.B. College,Asansol, India. He has published more that 20 paper in internationally reputed Journals.

Abstract:

We represent the two K-shell electrons of neutral atoms by Hylleraas-type wave function which fulfils the exact behavior at the electron–electron and electron-nucleus coalescence points and, derive a simple method to construct expressions for single-particle position-and momentum-space charge densities, ρ(r) and γ(p) respectively. We make use of the results for ρ(r) and γ(p) to critically examine the effect of correlation on bare (uncorrelated) values of Shannon information entropies (S) and of Fisher information (F) for the K-shell electrons of atoms from helium to neon. Due to inter-electronic repulsion the values of the uncorrelated Shannon position-space entropies are augmented while those of the momentum-space entropies are reduced. The corresponding Fisher information are found to exhibit opposite behavior in respect of this. Attempts are made to provide some plausible explanation for the observed response of Sand Fto electronic correlation.

Biography:

R. Muthuganesan pursuing Ph. D at National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, India. His research interest is quantum information in open system.

Abstract:

Measurement induced nonlocality (MIN) – captures nonlocal (global) effects of bipartite state due to local von Neumann  projective measurements, is an experimentally measurable quantum correlation measure. Due to the local ancilla problem, MIN is not a bonafide measure of quantum correlation. In order to resolve local ancilla problem, the definition of MIN modified using fidelity (F – MIN) between pre- and post- measurement states. Further, F – MIN is evaluated analytically for arbitrary pure state and two upper bounds are computed for m £ n dimensional mixed state. The closed formula of F – MIN is analytically derived for 2 £ n dimensional mixed state. Moreover, the dynamics of MIN and F – MIN are studied under noisy channels and it is shown that MINs are more robust to sudden death compared to entanglement.